Severe A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza acute encephalopathy outbreak in children in Tuscany, Italy, December 2023 to January 2024.

(Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, v29.17)

Abstract

A severe outbreak of influenza A(H1N1pdm09) infection in seven children (median age: 52 months) occurred between December 2023 and January 2024 in Tuscany, Italy. Clinical presentation ranged from milder encephalopathy to acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) with coma and multiorgan failure; one child died. This report raises awareness for clinicians to identify and treat early acute encephalopathy caused by H1N1 influenza and serves as a reminder of severe presentations of influenza in young children and the importance of vaccination.

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Overview publication

Title	Severe A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza acute encephalopathy outbreak in children in Tuscany, Italy, December 2023 to January 2024.
Date	2024-04-01
Issue name	Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin
Issue number	v29.17
DOI	10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.17.2400199
PubMed	38666399
Authors	Bartolini L, Ricci S, Azzari C, Moriondo M, Nieddu F, L'Erario M, Ricci Z, Simonini G, Mortilla M, Indolfi G, Montagnani C, Chiappini E, Galli L & Guerrini R
Keywords	Children, Encephalopathy, H1N1, Italy, Neurological, air-borne infections, clinic, influenza, influenza virus, vaccines and immunisation, viral infections
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